National AIDS/STD Prevention and Control Program (NASPCP) DOH HOME | HOME | PROGRAMS | NETWORKS | POLICIES/PUBLICATIONS | GLOBAL FUND | TREATMENT HUBS | HOTLINE »NASPCP Profile »Sectoral Framework »HIV-AIDS-STI service Delivery Framework »STI Report forms »IEC Materials »Training Program Schedules »AIDS FAQs »HIV 101 ORIENTATION SEMINAR ON HIV AND AIDS FOR HOSPITAL STAFF (STIGMA REDUCTION) Global Fund Round 6 HIV Project Department of Health HIV 101 I.Ano ang IMMUNE SYSTEM? Ito ang natural na panlaban ng katawan sa iba’t ibang uri ng sakit tulad ng impeksiyon at kanser. What is the Immune system? It is the body’s natusral defense against different types of illness like infection and cancer II.Ano ang HIV? Ang HIV o Human Immuno Deficiency Virus ay isang uri ng mikrobyo o virus na umaatake at sumisira sa immune system ng isang tao. What is HIV? HIV or Human Immuno Deficiency Virus is a virus that attacks and destroys the immune system. III.Paano nakukuha ang HIV? Ang HIV ay nakukuha sa pamamagitan ng: pakikipagtalik sa isan taong may HIV infection masalinan ng dugo mula sa isang taong may HIV pagtuturok ng karayom na ginamit ng isang taong may HIV ang HIV ay maaaring maisalin mula sa isang ina sa kanyang sanggol habang ipinagbubuntis, ipinanganganak o sa pagpapasuso Tandaan, Ang HIV ay HINDI nakukuha sa: swimming pool, banyo o palikuran (comfort room/bathroom) baso, pinggan at kutsara pagkamay, pagyakap o paghalik sa isang taong may HIV kagat ng lamok How is HIV acquired? HIV can be acquired through: sexual intercourse with a person infected with HIV transfusion of blood from an HIV infected person sharing of IV drug paraphernalia from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, during labor and delivery and during breastfeeding Remember, HIV CAN NOT be acquired from: swimming pool, comfort room drinking or eating utensils shaking hands, embracing or kissing someone with HIV mosquito bites IV.Ano ang AIDS? Ang AIDS o Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ay isang kondisyon na kung saan ang immune system ay labis nang nasira at napahina ng HIV. Dahil sa labis na pagkahina ng immune system, ang isang taong may AIDS ay karaniwang makakaramdam at kakikitaan ng mga komplikasyon sanhi ng iba’t ibang uri ng impeksyon o pagkahulog at panghihina ng katawan. Ang mga sintomas ng AIDS ay karaniwang lumilitaw lima hanggang walong taon (5-8 years) matapos makapasok ang HIV sa katawan. Sa loob ng mahabang panahon, ang isang taong may HIV ay malakas at mukhang normal ang pangangatawan. What is AIDS AIDS or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is the stage or condition where HIV has significantly destroyed and weakened the immune system. At this time the immune system is already very weak. Different complications can develop. A person with AIDS may have different infections, cancer, body weakness and weight loss. The symptoms of AIDS usually appears 5 to 8 years after HIV enters the body. For many years a person with HIV infection looks and feels normal. V.Paano malalaman kung ang isang tao ay may HIV? Ang isang taong may HIV ay karaniwang malakas at normal ang pangangatawan sa loob ng mahabang panahon. Dahil dito hindi malalaman sa pamamagitan ng hitsura lamang kung sino ang taong may HIV. Ang HIV Antibody Test (HAT) ay isang uri ng eksaminasyon sa dugo (blood test) na ginagawa upang malaman kung ang isang tao ay may HIV o wala. How would a person know if he/she has HIV? A person with HIV usually feels and looks normal and strong for many years. One can not tell by just looking at that person if that person is infected with HIV. VI.Ano ang kahulugan ng Negative HIV Antibody test? Kung ang resulta ng HAT ay NEGATIVE, alin sa dalawa ang maaaring maging dahilan: una, siya ay walang HIV sa katawan... o di kaya, nagtataglay na siya ng HIV at maaari nang makapanghawa sa iba ( ito ang tinatawag na WINDOW PERIOD) . Ang HAT ay magiging positibo na kapag inulit ang blood test makalipas ang 2 hangang 6 na buwan. What does a Negative HIV antibody test mean? A negative HAT may mean either one of the following: the person is NOT infected with HIV OR, the person is already infected with HIV and can infect other people(window period). If the HAT is repeated 2 to 6 months later, the HAT would eventually become positive. VII.Ano ang dapat gawin ng isang taong may HIV? Kung ang isang tao ay positive sa HAT, makabubuting sumangguni kaagat sa doctor na may kaalaman sa pangangalaga sa taong may HIV. Siya ay mapapayuhan upang mapanatiling malakas ang kanyang immune system at pangangatawan. Sa kasalukuyan may mga gamot na maaaring inumin upang mapahina ang HIV sa katawan at mapanatiling malakas ang kalusugan. Maraming mga taong may HIV ay namumuhay ng normal, patuloy na naghahanapbuhay o nag-aaral. Sa tamang pangangalaga ng katawan, regular na pagpapa-check up sa doctor at positibong pananaw sa buhay, ang isang taong may HIV ay maaaring mamuhay ng normal sa loob ng napakahabang panahon. What should a person do if he/she tested positive for HIV? A person who has been tested positive for HIV should immediately consult a doctor with expertise in caring for HIV infected people. He would be advised on ways to maintain a strong immune system and good health. At present, there are medicines that can be taken to weaken HIV in the body. There are many HIV positive individuals living normal and productive lives. They continue working or going to school. With healthy lifestyle, regular check up and positive attitude, a person with HIV may live normal, healthy and productive life for a long, long time. VIII.Paano makakaiwas sa HIV? Upang makaiwas sa HIV tandaan: umiwas sa pakikipagtalik magkaroon lamang ng isang partner (halimbawa ay asawa), tiyakin din na ang iyong partner ay walang ibang nakakatalik gumamit ng proteksyon tulad ng condom huwag gumamit o manghiram ng hiringgilya at karayom na ginamit ng iba Tandaan, maging responsible. Ingatan ang sarili upang di makakuha ng HIV. Kung ikaw ay positibo na sa HIV o sa iyong palagay ikaw ay maaaring may HIV, karapatan ng iyong partner na ma-proteksyunan laban sa HIV. How can a person avoid HIV? One can avoid HIV by: abstinence being monogamous ( stick to one partner, it is also important that your partner is monogamous as well) use protection like condom don’t share or use syringe and needles used by another person Be responsible. Protect yourself from HIV. If you are positive for HIV or you think you may have HIV infection, your partner has the right to be protected from HIV. ©2008 National AIDS STI Prevention and Control Program (NASPCP) San Lazaro Compound, Sta. Cruz, Manila (+632) 743-8301 to 23